打水漂 / Stone skipping

建築設計的水資源管理機械性 / The mechanism for water management in architectural design


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雲嘉南風景區鰲鼓溼地教育館
建築設計 黃冠中
董殷銘、施舜文、林彥佑
顧問
業主 雲嘉南風景管理處
地點 嘉義縣東石鄉
建築規模 地上3層
基地面積/4068 (m2)
樓地板面積/ 1316(m2)
構造方式 結構系統/鋼筋混凝土
主要材料/異形丁掛磚、
仿石塗料、竹百頁、
膠合玻璃雨淋板
競圖階段 2011
分類 建築設計、公共建築、遊客中心、
水資源管理

不同的自然環境條件,形塑了不同的建築形式;相對地,適應於自然環境的建築設計,形塑了不同的地景環境。我們在這個案子中嘗試以建築的尺度,反映整個溼地環境在土地開發上所應有的水資源管理策略。

鰲鼓溼地的歷史過程就如同大多數與海爭地的海埔地類似的過程,以人為的方式將海水抽離而獲得可使用的土地,而失去使用價值的海埔地,面臨再度被鹹水侵入的危機。鹹淡水失控後的自然作用下,形成了現今的溼地。

另一方面,超抽地下水的雲嘉南沿海地區,也面臨著嚴苛的地層下陷考驗。現況研究顯現失控的水資源管理造成環境的不平衡。明顯的季節性降雨,使得雨季苦於水患,而乾季又缺水,惡性循環使得地下水含養不足,地層日益下陷。

本建築設企圖以小基地的開發,作為水平衡的單元,分散式的涵養水資源,回饋到整體環境水資源的管理。

橫跨於水面上的建築,能像水資源管理的機械般運作:檔水、儲水、排水。積極的處理水環境,拉近了人造環境與親水空間的關係,增添了教育館的空間表情的同時,也馴化了極端氣候下的水患問題。

每年有480噸的雨水在雨季的時候被排出濕地,而這些水足以抗衡乾季時1/3的蒸發量。保存這些水,可以挽救1/3不斷下陷並且鹽化的土地。即使是小尺度的建築提案,也有助於共同應對環境問題。

Visitor centre in Augu wetland
Architectural Design KC Huang
DYM, SW Sui, YY Lin
Consultant
Client Southwest Coasr National Scenic Area Administration
Location Tungshin Village, Chiayi County, Taiwan ROC
Dimension 3 stories
site area/ 4086(m2)
floor area/ 1316(m2)
Construction Structure system / RC
Material/ceramic tile,
Stone coating, Bamboo sunshade,
Plyglass
Competition 2011
Category Architecture, Public building,
Visitor Centre,
Water management

Different environmental conditions result in different architectural forms; on the contrarily, the architecture can shape the landscape. Our design goal of this project is to reach the environmental scale by means of architectural design.

The historical process of Augu wetland is similar to the typical Dutch polders. Water was pumped out to make land for mankind; latter, salty water comes back to pollute the land when the water level is not well maintained. The failure of water management brings troubled water back into the land and results in the unstable wetland.

In the regional scale, this area is in danger of land subsidence due to overuse of underground water. It is the consequence of failure on water management. Distinctive seasonal precipitation floods the area in monsoon season, while there is drought in dry season. Rain water was discharged and underground water was pumped out. All the actions result in severe shortage of water and land subsidence.

Put the water back to the wetland.

The proposal attempts to take the development on a small plot as an example for water management unit that contributes to the whole system. The self-retaining unit can keep the water inside during all conditions.

The architecture over hanging water demonstrates the concept of architectural mechanism: water proof, water storage and water outlet. The action of dealing with water contributes to water-friendly environment. As a result, the architecture presents the distinctive character. At the same time, the water issue is well controlled.

There is 480 tones of freshwater discharged out of the wetland every year. The amount of the water can be used to balance the environment during drought season. 1/3 of the subsidence can be rescued by means of retaining the water. Even in a smaller scale, a design proposal can also contribute to solve the environmental problem.

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